China Hunan Yibeinuo New Material Co., Ltd. Company News

Wear-Resistant Ceramic Materials Wear-resistant ceramic materials are a class of high-hardness, high-wear-resistant inorganic non-metallic materials made from main raw materials such as aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), zirconium oxide (ZrO₂), silicon carbide (SiC), and silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) through molding and high-temperature sintering. They are widely used to solve wear, corrosion, and erosion problems in industrial equipment. Core Performance Characteristics Ultra-high Hardness and Wear Resistance Taking the most commonly used aluminum oxide ceramic as an example, its Mohs hardness can reach 9 (second only to diamond), and its wear resistance is 10-20 times that of high-manganese steel and dozens of times that of ordinary carbon steel. Zirconium oxide ceramics have even better toughness and can withstand higher impact loads. Strong Corrosion Resistance They have extremely high chemical stability, resisting acid, alkali, and salt solution corrosion, and can also resist organic solvent erosion, performing excellently in corrosive working conditions such as the chemical and metallurgical industries. Good High-Temperature Performance Aluminum oxide ceramics can operate for a long time below 1200℃, and silicon carbide ceramics can withstand high temperatures above 1600℃, adapting to high-temperature wear and high-temperature gas erosion scenarios. Low-Density, Lightweight Advantage The density is about 1/3-1/2 of that of steel, which can significantly reduce the load after installation on equipment, reducing energy consumption and equipment structural wear. Controllable Insulation and Thermal Conductivity Aluminum oxide ceramics are excellent electrical insulators, while silicon carbide ceramics have high thermal conductivity. Different material formulations can be selected according to needs. Disadvantages Relatively brittle and have relatively weak impact resistance (this can be improved through composite modification, such as ceramic-rubber composites and ceramic-metal composites); molding and processing are more difficult, and the customization cost is slightly higher than that of metal materials. Common types and applicable scenarios Material Type  Main Component Performance Highlights Typical Applications Alumina Ceramics Al₂O₃ (content 92%-99%) High cost-performance ratio, high hardness, excellent wear resistance Pipeline linings, wear-resistant liners, valve cores, sandblasting nozzles Zirconia Ceramics ZrO₂ High toughness, impact resistance, and resistance to low-temperature impact Crusher hammers, wear-resistant bearings, and military wear-resistant components Silicon Carbide Ceramics SiC High temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, resistance to strong acids and alkalis Blast furnace coal injection pipelines, chemical reactor linings, heat exchangers Silicon Nitride Ceramics Si₃N₄ Self-lubricating property, high strength, thermal shock resistance High-speed bearings, turbine blades, precision wear-resistant parts Typical applications:Coal ash and pulverized coal conveying pipelines in power plants, primary and secondary air pipelines in boilers, and ash and slag removal systems.Slurry conveying, tailings conveying, and high-pressure mud pipelines in mining and mineral processing plants.Raw material, clinker powder, and pulverized coal conveying and dust collection system pipelines in cement plants. FAQ Q1: How much longer is the service life of wear-resistant ceramic materials compared to traditional metal materials? A1: The service life of wear-resistant ceramic materials is 5-20 times longer than traditional metal materials (such as high-manganese steel and carbon steel). Taking the most widely used alumina ceramic lining as an example, it can be used stably for 8-10 years in general industrial wear scenarios, while traditional metal linings usually require maintenance and replacement every 1-2 years. The specific service life will vary slightly depending on the ceramic type, working temperature, medium impact strength, and other actual working conditions. We can provide an accurate lifespan assessment based on your specific scenario parameters. Q2: Can wear-resistant ceramics withstand high-impact conditions? For example, in crushers and coal chutes. A2: Yes. Although traditional single-piece ceramics have a certain degree of brittleness, we have significantly improved their impact resistance through modification technologies such as ceramic-rubber composites and ceramic-metal composites. Zirconia ceramics themselves have extremely high toughness and can be directly used in medium-to-high impact scenarios such as crusher hammerheads and coal chute linings; for ultra-high-pressure impact conditions, we can also customize ceramic composite structures that combine the wear resistance of ceramics with the impact resistance of metal/rubber, perfectly adapting to high-impact industrial scenarios. Q3: Are wear-resistant ceramics suitable for highly corrosive conditions? For example, strong acid and strong alkali pipelines. A3: They are highly suitable. Mainstream types such as alumina ceramics and silicon carbide ceramics have extremely high chemical stability and can effectively resist corrosion from strong acids, strong alkalis, salt solutions, and organic solvents. Silicon carbide ceramics have the best corrosion resistance, especially suitable for harsh conditions involving both high temperature and strong corrosion, such as the linings of strong acid and strong alkali reaction vessels and high-temperature corrosive pipelines in the chemical industry; for ordinary corrosive scenarios, alumina ceramics can meet the requirements and are more cost-effective. Q4: Can you customize wear-resistant ceramic products based on equipment size and working condition requirements? A4: Absolutely. We support full-dimensional customization services, including product size, shape, ceramic material formula, composite structure, and installation method. You only need to provide core parameters such as equipment installation space, working temperature, medium type (wear/corrosion characteristics), and impact strength. Our technical team will design a targeted solution, and we can also provide sample testing services to ensure that the product precisely matches the working conditions.

The core reason for choosing cylindrical alumina ceramics (usually referring to alumina ceramic cylinders/rods) for ceramic-lined rubber hoses and ceramic-lined plates is that the cylindrical structure is well-suited to the working conditions of both types of products.  Furthermore, the inherent performance advantages of alumina ceramics, combined with the cylindrical shape, maximize their value in terms of wear resistance, impact resistance, and ease of installation. This can be analyzed from the following perspectives: Basic Performance Advantages of Alumina Ceramics (Core Premise)Alumina ceramics (especially high-alumina ceramics, with Al₂O₃ content ≥92%) are the preferred choice for industrial wear-resistant materials, possessing:Ultra-high wear resistance: Hardness of HRA85 or higher, 20-30 times that of ordinary steel, capable of resisting erosion and abrasion during material transport (such as ore, coal powder, and mortar);Corrosion resistance: Resistant to acids, alkalis, and chemical media corrosion, suitable for harsh environments in chemical and metallurgical industries;High-temperature resistance: Can operate continuously below 800℃, meeting the needs of high-temperature material transport;Low friction coefficient: Smooth surface reduces material blockage and lowers transport resistance;Lightweight: Density of approximately 3.65 g/cm³, significantly lower than metal wear-resistant materials (such as high-manganese steel at 7.8 g/cm³), without substantially increasing equipment load.These properties are the basis for their use in wear-resistant linings, while the cylindrical structure is an optimization specifically for the applications of ceramic-lined rubber hoses and ceramic-lined plates Key Reasons for Using Cylindrical Structures in Ceramic Rubber Hoses: The core of ceramic rubber hoses (also known as ceramic wear-resistant hoses) is a "rubber + ceramic composite," used for the flexible conveying of powder and slurry materials (such as fly ash conveying in mines and power plants). The core logic behind choosing cylindrical alumina ceramics is: Flexible Conformity: The hose needs to be adaptable to bending and vibration. Cylindrical ceramics can be arranged in an "embedded" or "adhesive" manner within the rubber matrix. The curved surface of the cylinder provides a tighter bond with the flexible rubber, making it less likely to detach due to bending or compression of the hose compared to square/plate-shaped ceramics (square ceramics are prone to stress concentration at the corners, and the edges tend to lift when the rubber is stretched). Uniform Stress Distribution: When materials flow inside the hose, they are in a turbulent state. The curved surface of the cylindrical ceramics can disperse the scouring force, preventing localized wear. The smaller gaps between the cylindrical arrangement result in more comprehensive coverage of the rubber matrix by the ceramics, reducing the risk of wear on the exposed rubber. Convenient Installation and Replacement: Cylindrical ceramics have standardized dimensions (e.g., 12-20mm in diameter, 15-30mm in length), allowing for batch bonding or vulcanization into the rubber layer, resulting in high production efficiency; if local ceramics are worn, only the damaged ceramic cylinders need to be replaced, eliminating the need to replace the entire hose, thus reducing maintenance costs. Impact Resistance: The impact toughness of the cylindrical structure is superior to that of plate-shaped ceramics (plate-shaped ceramics are prone to fracture under impact), and can withstand the impact of hard particles in the material (such as the impact of rocks in ore transportation). Key Reasons for Choosing Cylindrical Structures for Ceramic Composite Liners The core logic behind selecting cylindrical alumina ceramics for ceramic composite liners (also known as ceramic composite wear plates, used for wear protection of the inner walls of equipment such as hoppers, chutes, and mills): Anchoring Stability: Ceramic composite liners typically use a "ceramic + metal/resin composite" process. Cylindrical ceramics can achieve mechanical anchoring through casting (pre-embedding the ceramic cylinders into the metal matrix) or bonding (embedding the bottom of the ceramic cylinders into resin/concrete). The "cylinder body + bottom protrusion" structure enhances the interlocking force with the base material, providing stronger resistance to peeling and detachment compared to plate-shaped ceramics (which rely only on surface bonding and are easily detached due to material impact). Continuity of the Wear Layer: Cylindrical ceramics can be tightly arranged in a honeycomb pattern, covering the entire surface of the liner and forming a continuous wear-resistant layer; the curved design of the cylinder guides material sliding, reducing material retention on the liner surface and minimizing localized abrasion (the right angles of square ceramics tend to trap material, exacerbating wear). Adaptability to Composite Processes: The production of ceramic composite liners often uses "high-temperature cladding" or "resin casting." Cylindrical ceramics have good dimensional consistency, allowing for even distribution in the base material, avoiding unevenness on the liner surface due to ceramic size variations; furthermore, the cylindrical shape of the ceramic cylinders allows for more uniform heating during the cladding process, reducing the likelihood of cracking due to thermal stress. The selection of cylindrical alumina ceramics for ceramic-lined rubber hoses and ceramic-lined plates is essentially a dual result of "material performance + structural suitability": alumina ceramics provide core wear resistance, while the cylindrical structure perfectly matches the working conditions of both types of products (the flexibility of the hose and the anchoring requirements of the lining plate), while also considering added value such as ease of installation, maintenance, and impact resistance. This makes it the optimal structural choice for industrial wear-resistant applications.

Ceramic ball valves, with their core advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and erosion resistance, are ideally suited for applications involving the transport of solid particles and highly corrosive media. These applications place far greater demands on valve durability and reliability than in standard applications.   Core Advantages (Why Use Them in These Applications) Extreme Wear Resistance: Ceramics (especially zirconium oxide and silicon carbide) are second only to diamond in hardness, making them highly resistant to the intense erosion and abrasion caused by solid particles in the media. Excellent Corrosion Resistance: They are extremely resistant to most corrosive media, including strong acids, bases, and salts (except hydrofluoric acid and strong, hot, concentrated alkalis). High Strength and Stability: Ceramic ball valves maintain their shape and strength even at high temperatures and have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Excellent Sealing: The ceramic ball and seat are precision-ground, achieving an extremely high sealing rating and virtually zero leakage. Core Application Industries and ScenariosThe following industries are the primary application areas for ceramic ball valves due to media characteristics or operating requirements. Industry/Field Applicable scenarios and advantages Thermal power plants Used for desulfurization and denitrification systems, flue gas dust removal, ash and slag removal, etc., resistant to high temperature and Cl⁻ corrosion, with a service life 2-3 times that of titanium valves. Petrochemical industry Transport strong acid (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid), strong alkali, salt liquid, replace titanium valve, monel valve, corrosion resistance, low cost Metallurgy/Steel Used in coal injection systems and blast furnace ash transportation, resistant to wear and high temperature, suitable for medium containing particles Mining industry Control of high-wear fluids such as slurry, tailings, ash water, etc., anti-erosion, and long service life Papermaking industry Used for conveying high-concentration alkali solution and pulp, corrosion-resistant, and fiber wear-resistant Wastewater treatment Suitable for lime slurry, sludge, and wastewater containing particles, corrosion-resistant, non-clogging, and maintenance-free Pharmaceutical and food Require high cleanliness and zero leakage, ceramic material is non-toxic, does not pollute the medium, and meets hygiene standards. Desalination/marine engineering Transporting seawater containing particles, resistant to chloride ion corrosion and wear Scenarios where this product is not suitable or requires caution:Systems subject to high shock and high-frequency vibration: Ceramics are hard but brittle and have limited resistance to mechanical shock.Conditions involving frequent and rapid opening and closing: While the ceramic sealing surface is wear-resistant, the high-frequency switching may cause microcracks.Ultra-high-pressure (>PN25) or ultra-low-temperature (

The pipelines within a factory are the "arteries and veins of industry," transporting powerful media like ore slurry, acid, and high-temperature gases. However, these media are all capable of withering attacks: sand and gravel impact the pipe walls like a steel brush, acids and alkalis erode like hidden corrosives, and high temperatures and high pressures create a double torment. To extend the life of the pipes, they are lined with a protective layer—alumina. Three common protective layers come in three forms: alumina ceramic rings, welded ceramic plates, and adhesive ceramic sheets. What are their unique capabilities? Why are ceramic rings becoming the preferred choice for a growing number of factories? This article examines these three materials from a pipeline perspective to help you choose the right protective layer for you. Pipe linings shoulder the important task of protecting pipelines and ensuring transportation, with the following specific requirements:Abrasion resistance: Able to withstand the impact of solid particles such as ore and coal dust, acting like a solid "shield" and effectively reducing wear on the inner wall;Corrosion resistance: Resistant to corrosive fluids such as acids, alkalis, and salts, preventing corrosion and perforation in the pipeline;Easy installation: Minimize downtime, reduce labor costs, and facilitate installation.Easy maintenance: Any local damage can be quickly repaired without requiring extensive disassembly and replacement.High-temperature resistance: Maintains stable performance in high-temperature fluids, such as flue gas temperatures exceeding 300°C, without softening or cracking. Alumina Ceramic SleeveStructure: Manufactured in a circular shape using a monolithic sintering process, the ring's inner diameter, outer diameter, and thickness are precisely tailored to the pipe's specifications, ensuring a tight fit. Core AdvantagesExtremely Wear-Resistant and Impact-Resistant: Alumina boasts a hardness of 9, second only to diamond, and boasts a service life 5-10 times that of ordinary steel pipes.Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Acids and alkalis are impervious to corrosion, effectively eliminating wear issues in chemical pipelines.Excellent Sealing: The integrated structure minimizes joints, significantly reducing the risk of fluid leakage.Easy and Low-Cost Maintenance: In the event of localized wear, only the damaged ceramic rings need to be replaced individually, eliminating the need for complete replacement. This saves costs and reduces equipment downtime.Applications: Suitable for slurry pipelines, chemical acid pipelines, high-temperature flue gas pipelines, power plant ash pipelines, and other applications. It can easily handle complex operating conditions characterized by heavy wear, severe corrosion, and high temperatures. Alumina Ceramic Plate Welding Process AnalysisAlumina ceramic plates can be welded to the inner wall of a pipe, creating a protective structure similar to "ceramic tiles welded to the inner wall of the pipe." Their performance characteristics differ significantly from adhesive-bonded ceramic plates. Core Advantages Compared to Adhesive Plates Higher Joint Strength: Welding is achieved by fusing or brazing the metal and ceramic, creating a stronger joint structure. In low-temperature, low-pressure environments with static fluids (such as clean water or mildly corrosive liquids), and provided the welding process meets standards, the welded plate adheres more tightly to the pipe and is less likely to fall off under fluid impact. No Adhesive Aging Risk: Reliance on adhesives is eliminated, fundamentally avoiding the risk of adhesive aging and failure in high-temperature, corrosive environments. When operating temperatures do not exceed 100°C and there is no severe corrosion, and provided the welds are flawless, welded plates generally offer better long-term stability than adhesive plates. Better Structural Integrity: Welded plates are often designed as single pieces or large-scale spliced ​​structures, providing a stronger overall continuity compared to the smaller, multiple-piece construction of adhesive plates. In scenarios where fluid impact is relatively uniform (such as low-speed, low-concentration slurry transportation), fewer structural gaps and less fluid accumulation can reduce the risk of localized corrosion. Main Disadvantages of Welding: Construction Difficulty: The melting point of alumina ceramic (approximately 2050°C) is much higher than that of metal pipes (e.g., steel, approximately 1500°C). The ceramic is prone to cracking due to the large temperature difference during welding, requiring extremely high technical skills. High Risk of Thermal Stress Damage: The thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of metal pipes and alumina ceramic plates differ significantly. After high-temperature welding, the welded area is prone to cracking or shedding due to concentrated thermal stress when the ambient temperature fluctuates. Alumina Ceramic Sheet Bonding Process OverviewSmall-sized alumina ceramic sheets are bonded to the inner wall of pipes using adhesive, similar to "mosaicing a pipe." Compared to welded plates, this process offers the following advantages and disadvantages.Core Advantages (Compared to Welded Ceramic Sheets)High Installation Flexibility: Small-sized tiles can be flexibly bonded to irregular surfaces such as pipe bends and flange joints.Low Initial Cost: Requires only adhesive and basic tools like scrapers and rollers; no welding equipment or specialized personnel are required, making it suitable for budget-constrained or temporary repairs.Easy Local Maintenance: If damaged, individual tiles can be scraped off, the adhesive removed, and re-attached, minimizing downtime.Suitable for Low-Temperature Applications: Specialized high-temperature-resistant adhesives (such as epoxy resins) provide stable performance for 3-5 years in temperatures ≤100°C and in non-corrosive fluids (such as sewage or weakly acidic liquids), meeting basic wear resistance requirements. The overall cost may be lower than welded plates. Main DisadvantagesGlue easily ages and loses its effectiveness: At temperatures ≥100°C or in corrosive fluid environments, the adhesive will fail within 3-5 years, causing the tiles to peel off like wallpaper. Many joint gaps: The large number of small tiles required for jointing creates gaps that can become weak points for fluid erosion and corrosion. Sealing risks: Gaps can become channels for fluid leakage, a risk that is more pronounced under high-pressure conditions. Alumina Ceramic Pipe Protection Solution Selection Recommendations Based on different operating conditions, the applicable scenarios and key features of alumina ceramic protection solutions are listed below, allowing you to select the solution you need. Alumina Ceramic Sleeve Designed specifically for curved pipeline structures, they offer outstanding wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and sealing. They are particularly suitable for extremely harsh operating conditions characterized by "heavy wear, severe corrosion, and high temperatures," providing comprehensive protection. Welded Alumina Ceramic Plates Recommended for applications with uniform fluid impact and relatively stable temperatures. A proven welding process is essential to avoid thermal stress cracking or unstable connections. Bonded Alumina Ceramic Sheets Suitable for low-temperature, low-pressure, and low-wear environments, such as conveying low-concentration slurries and pulverized coal. They can also be used as temporary or emergency repair solutions. Their core advantages include flexible installation, low initial cost, and simple ongoing maintenance.

The upper temperature limit of alumina pipe linings (typically composed of spliced ​​alumina ceramic sheets) is not determined by the alumina sheets themselves, but by the organic adhesive that bonds the sheets to the pipe wall. The long-term operating temperature of this adhesive is generally between 150°C and 200°C. Organic adhesives are the "heat resistance weakness" of alumina linings. Alumina ceramic sheets inherently possess excellent high-temperature resistance: α-alumina ceramic sheets, commonly used in industry, have a melting point of 2054°C. Even in high-temperature environments of 1200-1600°C, they maintain structural stability and mechanical strength, fully meeting the requirements of most high-temperature industrial scenarios. However, ceramic sheets cannot be directly "attached" to the inner wall of metal pipes and must rely on organic adhesives for bonding and fixation. However, the chemical structure and molecular properties of these adhesives determine that their temperature resistance is far lower than that of the ceramic sheets themselves.   The core components of organic adhesives are polymers (such as epoxy resins, modified acrylates, and phenolic resins). When temperatures exceed 150-200°C, these covalent bonds gradually break, causing the polymer to undergo "thermal degradation": first, it softens and becomes sticky, losing its original bonding strength. Further increases in temperature to above 250°C lead to further carbonization and embrittlement, completely losing its bonding strength.   Even "heat-resistant organic adhesives" modified for medium-temperature applications (such as modified epoxy resins with inorganic fillers) have difficulty exceeding 300°C for long-term use, and the resulting cost increases significantly, making them difficult to popularize in conventional pipe linings. Adhesive failure directly leads to the lining system's collapse. In the structure of alumina pipe linings, adhesives are not only the "connector" but also the key to maintaining the integrity and stability of the lining. Once the adhesive fails due to high temperatures, a series of problems will occur:Ceramic sheet detachment: After the adhesive softens, the adhesion between the ceramic sheet and the pipe wall decreases sharply. Under the impact of the pipeline medium (such as liquid or gas flow) or vibration, the ceramic sheet will directly fall off, losing its corrosion and wear protection. Lining cracking: During thermal degradation, some adhesives release small molecules of gas (such as carbon dioxide and water vapor). These gases are trapped between the ceramic sheet and the pipe wall, generating localized pressure, causing gaps between the ceramic sheets to widen, leading to cracking of the entire lining. Pipeline damage: When the lining detaches or cracks, the hot conveying medium (such as hot liquid or hot gas) directly contacts the metal pipe wall. This not only accelerates pipe corrosion but also can soften the pipe metal due to the sudden temperature increase, compromising the overall structural strength of the pipe. Why not choose a more heat-resistant bonding solution?From a technical perspective, there are bonding methods with higher heat resistance (such as inorganic adhesives and welding). However, these solutions have significant limitations in conventional pipe lining applications and cannot replace organic adhesives: Bonding Solution Temperature Resistance Limitations (Not Suitable for Conventional Pipeline Linings) Organic Adhesives 150~300℃ (long-term service) Low temperature resistance, but low cost, convenient for construction, and adaptable to complex pipeline shapes (e.g., elbow pipes, reducing pipes) Inorganic Adhesives 600~1200℃ Low bonding strength, high brittleness, and high temperature required for curing (300~500℃), which is prone to causing deformation of metal pipelines Ceramic Welding Same as ceramic sheets (1600℃+) Requires a high-temperature open flame for welding, has extremely high construction difficulty, cannot be applied to installed pipelines, and the cost is more than 10 times that of organic adhesives   In short, organic adhesives offer the optimal balance between cost, ease of construction, and adaptability. However, their limited heat resistance limits the long-term operating temperature of alumina pipe linings to around 200°C.   The core reason alumina pipe linings can only withstand temperatures of 200°C is the performance mismatch between the high-temperature-resistant ceramic sheets and the low-temperature-resistant organic adhesives. To meet bonding, cost, and construction requirements, organic adhesives sacrifice heat resistance, becoming the heat resistance bottleneck for the entire lining system. If the pipe lining needs to withstand temperatures exceeding 200°C, organic adhesives should be abandoned in favor of pure alumina ceramic tubes (sintered integrally without an adhesive layer) or metal-ceramic composite tubes, rather than the conventional "ceramic sheet + organic adhesive" lining structure.

During the production process, a large amount of equipment and pipelines are exposed to high-temperature, high-hardness materials (such as iron ore, steel slag, pulverized coal, and high-temperature furnace gases) for extended periods of time. The impact, erosion, and abrasion of these materials can severely damage the equipment, shortening its lifespan, requiring frequent repairs, and interrupting production. Wear-resistant ceramic linings, with their excellent wear resistance, high-temperature resistance, and chemical stability, effectively protect critical steel mill equipment, becoming a key material for reducing production costs and ensuring continuous production. Steel Mill Core Pain Point: Prominent Equipment WearWear in steel mills primarily arises from two scenarios, which directly determine the rigid demand for wear-resistant materials: Material impact/erosion wear: In raw material transportation (such as conveyor belts and chutes), ore crushing, and blast furnace coal injection piping, high-hardness ore and pulverized coal impact or slide against the inner walls of equipment at high speeds, causing rapid thinning of the metal, pitting, and even perforation. High-temperature wear and chemical corrosion: High-temperature equipment, such as steelmaking converters, ladles, and hot blast furnaces, not only suffers from physical wear from slag and charge materials but also from high-temperature oxidation and chemical corrosion from molten steel and slag. Ordinary metal materials (such as carbon steel and stainless steel) experience a sharp drop in hardness at high temperatures, accelerating wear by 5-10 times. Without wear-resistant liners, the average equipment lifespan could be shortened to 3-6 months, requiring frequent downtime for component replacement. This not only increases maintenance costs (labor and spare parts) but also disrupts the continuous production process, resulting in significant capacity losses. Key Application Scenarios for Wear-Resistant Ceramic Linings in Steel Mills Different equipment exhibits distinct wear characteristics, requiring specific ceramic lining types (such as high-alumina ceramic, silicon carbide ceramic, and composite ceramic). Core application scenarios include: Raw material conveying systems: belt conveyor hoppers, chutes, and silo linings. Pain Point: Impact and sliding wear from falling bulk materials such as ore and coke can easily lead to hopper perforations. Solution: Thick-walled (10-20mm) high-alumina ceramic liners, secured by welding or bonding, withstand impact and resist wear. Blast furnace coal injection system: coal injection pipes, pulverized coal distributors Pain point: High-velocity pulverized coal (flow rate 20-30 m/s) causes erosion and wear, with the most severe wear at pipe elbows, leading to wear-through and leakage. Solution: Use thin-walled (5-10 mm) wear-resistant ceramic pipes with a smooth inner wall to reduce resistance and thickened elbows, resulting in a service life of 3-5 years (compared to 3-6 months for ordinary steel pipes). Steelmaking Equipment: Converter Flue, Ladle Lining, Continuous Casting Roller Pain Point: High-temperature slag (above 1500°C) erosion and chemical attack lead to slag accumulation and rapid wear in the flue, requiring the ladle lining to be both heat-resistant and wear-resistant. Solution: High-temperature resistant silicon carbide ceramic lining (1600°C) offers strong resistance to slag erosion, reduces flue slag cleaning frequency, and extends ladle life. Dust Removal/Waste Slag Handling System: Dust Removal Pipes and Slurry Pump ComponentsPain Points: Dust-laden, high-temperature flue gas and slurry (including steel slag particles) cause wear and tear on pipes and pumps, leading to leakage.Solution: A ceramic composite liner (ceramic + metal substrate) is used, offering both wear and impact resistance to prevent equipment damage from slurry leakage. Comparison with Traditional Materials: Wear-Resistant Ceramic Liners Offer Better Economy​Steel plants once widely used traditional wear-resistant materials such as manganese steel, cast stone, and wear-resistant alloys. However, there are significant gaps in both economy and performance when compared with wear-resistant ceramic liners: Material Type Wear Resistance (Relative Value) High-Temperature Resistance Installation & Maintenance Cost Average Service Life Total Cost (10-Year Cycle) Ordinary Carbon Steel 1 (Reference) Poor (Softens at 600°C) Low 3-6 months Extremely high (frequent replacement) Manganese Steel (Mn13) 5-8 Moderate (Softens at 800°C) Medium 1-2 years High (regular repair welding required) Cast Stone 10-15 Good High (high brittleness, easy to crack) 1.5-3 years Relatively high (high installation loss) Wear-Resistant Ceramic Liner 20-30 Excellent (1200-1600°C) Low (minimal maintenance after installation) 2-5 years Low (long service life + minimal maintenance) In the long run, although the initial purchase cost of wear-resistant ceramic liners is higher than that of manganese steel and carbon steel, their extremely long lifespan (3-10 times that of traditional materials) and extremely low maintenance requirements can reduce the overall cost by 40%-60% over a 10-year cycle, while also avoiding production losses caused by equipment failure (a single-day production stoppage loss for a steel mill can reach millions of yuan). Steel mills use wear-resistant ceramic liners, leveraging their high wear resistance, high temperature resistance, and low maintenance properties to address the wear issues of core equipment. Ultimately, this approach achieves the three key goals of extending equipment life, reducing maintenance costs, and ensuring continuous production. With advancements in ceramic manufacturing technology (such as low-cost, high-purity alumina ceramics and ceramic-metal composite liners), their application in steel mills continues to expand, making them a key material for reducing costs and increasing efficiency in the modern steel industry.

The price of wear-resistant ceramic elbows is influenced by a variety of factors, as follows: Material factors: Ceramic material type: Prices vary significantly between different types of ceramic materials. For example, high-quality ceramics, such as high-purity alumina ceramics, are relatively expensive due to their superior performance, while ordinary ceramic materials are cheaper. Base material quality: The base material of wear-resistant ceramic elbows is typically made of carbon steel, stainless steel, or alloy steel. Stainless steel and alloy steel are more expensive than carbon steel due to their superior performance.   Production process factors: Process complexity: Common production processes include casting, forging, and welding. Casting is relatively simple, low-cost, and the product price is also relatively low. Forging and welding are complex processes, require high technical requirements and are more expensive. Special process applications: Precision casting can improve the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the elbow, thereby enhancing wear resistance and fluid delivery efficiency, resulting in a corresponding price increase. Additionally, products that undergo special processes such as heat treatment can enhance performance and command higher prices.   Size Factors: Larger pipe diameters and thicker walls require more material and therefore cost more. Large-diameter wear-resistant ceramic elbows require more material and are more difficult to produce, making them generally more expensive than smaller-diameter ones. Thicker-walled elbows are also more expensive. Non-standard sizes or angles often require customization, which incurs additional costs and increases the price.   Market Factors: Supply and Demand: When market demand is strong, prices may rise; when market supply is ample, prices may remain relatively stable or even decline. For example, high demand for wear-resistant elbows in the mining and cement industries can drive up prices.   Regional Differences: Production costs vary across regions. Economically developed regions have higher labor and material costs, leading to higher prices for wear-resistant elbows. Regions with lower production costs offer lower prices.   Brand and Service Factors: Well-known brands offer advantages in quality control, after-sales service, and product warranties, leading to higher prices. Good after-sales service increases business costs and can also lead to higher prices.   Purchasing Factors: Purchasing factors: Procurement quantity: Bulk procurement usually results in more favorable prices, and the larger the procurement quantity, the lower the unit price may be. Collaboration: Customers who have long-term partnerships with suppliers may enjoy better prices and services, while new customers may need to pay higher prices. Transportation factors: Wear-resistant ceramic elbows are usually heavy and fragile, requiring special care during transportation and resulting in high transportation costs. The distance of transportation also affects the total cost. The farther the distance, the higher the transportation cost, which in turn leads to an increase in product prices.

Rubber-ceramic composite linings are made of a wear-resistant ceramic and a rubber matrix. The rubber matrix typically possesses excellent flexibility, elasticity, and corrosion resistance, while the wear-resistant ceramic imparts high hardness, wear resistance, and high-temperature resistance. This unique combination of properties makes ceramic-rubber composite linings widely used in material handling and protection applications in industries such as mining, power generation, cement, and steel. Raw Material Preparation Rubber Base Material: Choose a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber (such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, or polyurethane rubber). Pre-mixing is required (including the addition of vulcanizing agents, accelerators, and fillers).   Ceramic Blocks/Sheets: Typically, these are high-hardness ceramics such as alumina (Al₂O₃) and silicon carbide (SiC). Shapes can be square, hexagonal, or custom-shaped. The surface must be cleaned to enhance bonding strength.   Adhesive: Use specialized polymer adhesives (such as epoxy resin, polyurethane adhesive, or rubber-based adhesives).   Ceramic Pretreatment Cleaning: Sandblast or pickle the ceramic surface to remove impurities and improve roughness.   Activation: If necessary, treat the ceramic surface with a silane coupling agent or other agent to enhance chemical bonding with the rubber.   Rubber Matrix Preparation Mixing and Molding: After the rubber is uniformly mixed in an internal mixer, it is calendered or extruded into a substrate of the desired thickness and shape.   Pre-vulcanization: Some processes require slight pre-vulcanization of the rubber (semi-vulcanized state) to maintain fluidity during bonding.   Composite Process Compression Vulcanization (Commonly Used) Ceramic Arrangement: Ceramic blocks are placed on a rubber substrate or into a mold cavity according to a designed pattern (e.g., staggered arrangement).   Compression Vulcanization: The rubber substrate and ceramic are placed in a mold, heated, and pressurized (140-160°C, 10-20 MPa). During the vulcanization process, the rubber flows and wraps around the ceramic, simultaneously bonding to it through an adhesive or direct vulcanization.   Cooling and Demolding: After vulcanization, the rubber is cooled and demolded, forming a one-piece liner.   Bonding Separately Vulcanized Rubber: Prepare a fully vulcanized rubber sheet. Bonded Ceramic: The ceramic is bonded to the rubber sheet using a high-strength adhesive and cured under pressure (at room temperature or heated).   Post-Processing After vulcanization, the rubber-ceramic composite lining product is removed from the mold and undergoes post-processing, which includes cooling, trimming, and inspection. The cooling process stabilizes product performance, trimming removes excess rubber from the edges, and inspection ensures that product quality meets requirements.   The vulcanization process of ceramic-rubber composite linings is a complex chemical reaction involving the synergistic interaction of multiple factors. By thoroughly understanding the basic principles and process of vulcanization, rationally selecting raw materials, optimizing the mixing process, and precisely controlling molding and vulcanization process parameters, it is possible to produce ceramic-rubber composite lining products with excellent performance.   With the continuous advancement of industrial technology, the performance requirements for ceramic-rubber composite linings are increasing. Further research and improvement of vulcanization processes are needed to meet the application needs of different fields.

Ceramic particle repair material is a high-performance composite material, which is widely used in the repair and protection of industrial equipment, pipelines, kilns, and other high-temperature, wea, or corrosive environments. Its performance characteristics mainly include the following aspects: High wear resistance Ceramic particles (such as alumina, zirconium oxide, etc.) have extremely high hardness (Mohs hardness can reach 8-9), far exceeding metal and ordinary concrete, and can significantly improve the wear resistance of the repair layer. It is suitable for high-friction environments, such as mining equipment linings, inner walls of conveying pipelines, anti-skid layers of road surfaces, etc., which can extend the service life of the repaired parts.   Excellent bonding strength It has strong bonding with the substrate (metal, concrete, stone, etc.), and it is not easy to fall off or crack after repair. Some products are designed with special formulas to achieve effective bonding on wet or oily surfaces and have wider construction adaptability.   Strong corrosion resistance It has good resistance to chemical media such as acids, alkalis, and salts, and is especially suitable for corrosive environments such as chemical and petrochemical industries. Some formulas can improve the ability to resist molten metal or strong acid corrosion by adjusting the ceramic composition (such as adding zirconium oxide).   Good compression and impact resistance Ceramic particles and cementitious materials form a dense structure with a compressive strength of more than 100MPa, which can withstand heavy objects or static loads. Some flexible formula products have a certain toughness and can resist impact loads (such as mechanical vibration and vehicle impact) to reduce the risk of brittle fracture.   Chemical corrosion resistance It has good tolerance to acids, alkalis, salts, organic solvents, etc., and is suitable for chemical equipment, sewage treatment tanks, and concrete component repairs in acid and alkali environments. Ceramic particles themselves have high chemical stability, and combined with corrosion-resistant adhesives (such as epoxy resins), they can resist medium erosion for a long time.   Convenience of construction Mostly premixed or two-component materials, easy to operate: A and B components can be mixed in a ratio of 2:1 for use, without the need for professional equipment or technical training.   Fast curing speed (curing in a few hours to 1 day at room temperature) can shorten the equipment downtime and maintenance time, especially suitable for emergency repair scenarios, supporting online repair, with no need to disassemble the equipment.   Anti-aging and durability Ceramic particles are highly weather-resistant and not easily affected by ultraviolet rays and temperature changes. The repair layer is not easy to powder, fade, or degrade after long-term use. It can still maintain stable performance in outdoor environments (such as roads, bridges) or long-term immersion scenarios (such as pools and pipelines).   Typical application scenarios Industries: mines, coal, thermal power generation, cement plants, etc. Equipment: cyclone separators, powder selectors, chutes, pipelines, pump casings, impellers, hoppers, screw conveyors, etc. Working conditions: repair and protection of high wear and corrosion.

Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), as a common inorganic compound, is safe for the skin under normal use. Its safety is mainly reflected in its chemical stability and wide application practice. It can be analyzed from the following perspectives: Stable chemical properties and non-irritating Aluminum oxide is an inert substance that hardly reacts with sweat, oil, and other substances on the skin surface at room temperature: It does not release harmful substances, nor does it decompose to produce irritating components. When in contact with the skin, it will neither cause allergic reactions (except for a very small number of people who are allergic to aluminum, but such cases are extremely rare), nor cause skin redness, swelling, itching, and other problems. Widely used in skin contact products The safety of aluminum oxide has been verified by multiple industries and is commonly used in direct contact with the skin: Cosmetics/skin care products: used as a friction agent (such as scrub), adsorbent or filler, using its fine particle characteristics to remove dead skin without damaging the skin barrier (the particle diameter in qualified products is strictly controlled). Personal care products: Aluminum oxide may be added to antiperspirants to reduce sweat secretion through astringent effects. Its safety has been certified by cosmetic raw material standards (such as EU Cosmetics Regulation EC 1223/2009).Medical devices, Such as medical dressings, coatings of skin sutures, etc., use their biocompatibility to avoid irritation to the skin. Special circumstances to noteAlthough aluminum oxide itself is safe, the following situations may pose potential risks:Particle size issues: If the aluminum oxide particles are too coarse (such as industrial-grade coarse particles), direct contact with the skin may cause minor scratches due to physical friction, but this is physical damage, not chemical toxicity.Long-term closed contact: Long-term closed contact in high temperature and high humidity environments (such as improper protection in industrial operations) may clog pores due to particle accumulation, but this situation is more related to the contact method rather than the toxicity of the substance itself. Under normal circumstances, aluminum oxide is safe for the skin. Its chemical stability and biocompatibility make it widely used in cosmetics, medical devices, and other fields that come into direct contact with the skin. As long as you avoid contact with coarse industrial-grade particles or extreme usage scenarios, there is no need to worry about its harm to your skin.